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dc.contributor.authorBoots, B
dc.contributor.authorGreen, DS
dc.contributor.authorOlah-Kovacs, B
dc.contributor.authorDe Falco, F
dc.contributor.authorLupo, E
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-01T16:12:57Z
dc.date.available2023-11-01T16:12:57Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-15
dc.identifier.issn0147-6513
dc.identifier.issn1090-2414
dc.identifier.other115291
dc.identifier.urihttps://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/handle/10026.1/21513
dc.description.abstract

Glitters are primary microplastics which are directly littered into the environment, yet the ecological effects have seldom been tested. When microplastics enter the environment, their physical presence and chemical leachate may alter the physiology of primary producers. Glitter can be composed of plastic or natural and/or biodegradable materials, often with additives. Three experiments were run for 14 days to separate chemical and physical effects of different types of glitter: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), biodegradable modified regenerated cellulose (MRC), synthetic mica, and a natural particle control (kaolinite) on several physical characteristics of Lemna minor (common duckweed). L. minor was exposed to either fresh (chemical and physical effects), leachate from glitter (chemical) or aged glitter (physical). Overall, there was little effect of PET, synthetic mica, kaolinite or of any aged glitter. High concentrations of fresh MRC glitters, however, decreased root length, biomass and chlorophyll content of L. minor. Some of these effects were also present when exposed to leachate from MRC glitters, but were less pronounced. Elemental analysis revealed the presence of metals in MRC glitters which may explain these responses. Short-term ecotoxicity of biodegradable glitters can arise due to their physical and chemical properties, but may lessen over time as their surface coating degrades.

dc.format.extent115291-115291
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.subjectEcotoxicology
dc.subjectBiodegradable plastics
dc.subjectModified regenerated cellulose
dc.subjectSynthetic mica
dc.subjectLemna minor
dc.titlePhysical and chemical effects of conventional microplastic glitter versus alternative glitter particles on a freshwater plant (Lemnaceae: Lemna minor)
dc.typejournal-article
dc.typeArticle
plymouth.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37494737
plymouth.volume263
plymouth.publisher-urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115291
plymouth.publication-statusPublished
plymouth.journalEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115291
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Faculty of Science and Engineering
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Faculty of Science and Engineering|School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Users by role
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Users by role|Academics
dc.publisher.placeNetherlands
dcterms.dateAccepted2023-07-20
dc.date.updated2023-11-01T16:12:57Z
dc.rights.embargodate2023-11-2
dc.identifier.eissn1090-2414
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115291


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