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dc.contributor.authorTurner, A
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-28T13:05:32Z
dc.date.available2023-11-28T13:05:32Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-15
dc.identifier.issn0304-3894
dc.identifier.issn1873-3336
dc.identifier.other131981
dc.identifier.urihttps://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/handle/10026.1/21733
dc.description.abstract

Historical products are often a source of toxic substances, like heavy metals, that have since been restricted. In this study, the lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) content of 133 books housed in two collections in southwest England (a university library and council repository), and published between 1704 and 2018, have been determined on-site by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Lead was detected in the front panels, text blocks and interior colour illustrations of most books, with maximum concentration of 15,100 mg kg-1, 8680 mg kg-1 and 12,800 mg kg-1, respectively. However, concentrations above 1000 mg kg-1 were generally restricted to books published between about 1850 and 1960. Mercury was detected in fewer cases, but concentrations above 5000 mg kg-1 were found in the red panels, coloured illustrations and red fore-edging of books published in the Victorian era. Mean concentrations of Pb in dusts from council repository shelves (112 mg kg-1) and library shelves (159–224 mg kg-1) and light casings (71.7 mg kg-1) were significantly higher than mean concentrations in household dusts from buildings constructed over the same period (24.8 mg kg-1). The findings suggest that historical books could be a source of Pb exposure where collections are housed or sold and could also be used to improve evaluations of historical indoor pollution.

dc.format.extent131981-131981
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.languageen
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.subjectHeavy metals
dc.subjectPigments
dc.subjectPrinted material
dc.subjectXRF
dc.subjectExposure
dc.titleLead and mercury in historical books and their contribution to dust contamination
dc.typejournal-article
dc.typeArticle
plymouth.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37414706
plymouth.volume458
plymouth.publisher-urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131981
plymouth.publication-statusPublished
plymouth.journalJournal of Hazardous Materials
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131981
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Research Groups
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Faculty of Science and Engineering
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Faculty of Science and Engineering|School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Research Groups|Marine Institute
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|REF 2021 Researchers by UoA
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Users by role
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Users by role|Academics
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|Research Groups|BEACh
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|REF 2021 Researchers by UoA|UoA07 Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|REF 2028 Researchers by UoA
plymouth.organisational-group|Plymouth|REF 2028 Researchers by UoA|UoA07 Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
dc.publisher.placeNetherlands
dcterms.dateAccepted2023-06-29
dc.date.updated2023-11-28T13:05:32Z
dc.rights.embargodate2023-12-9
dc.identifier.eissn1873-3336
dc.rights.embargoperiodforever
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131981


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